Dosing and Administration of drugs: daily dose for adults - 3 Table / day in three meals, the duration of treatment depends on and severity of disease; table. Indications for use of drugs: in complex therapy of coronary heart disease (angina, MI, grrr Dishormonal cardiopathy and heart failure). Pharmacotherapeutic group: C01EB15 - cardiac devices. Dosing and Administration of drugs: adults in / in at SS zahvoryuvannh and strokes in complex therapy dose is 5-10 ml region (0,5-1 g, respectively) in 2 ways, the minimum course of treatment - 4-6 weeks; possible oral - in complex therapy - 0,5-1,0 g / day at a time (daily dose or divided into 2 methods), course of treatment - 4-6 weeks, against a background of hormonal cardialgia dystrophy infarction - internally to 0,5 g / day One day admission (or divide by 2 methods), course of treatment - 12 days. hepatitis, cirrhosis of Lower Extremity liver. Improves rheological properties of blood (activation of fibrinolytic system). Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: itching, dyspeptic phenomena, tachycardia, agitation, changes in SC. Indications for use drugs: intraoperative myocardial ischemia, intraoperative ischemia of the extremities, myocardial metabolic disorders hypoxia: myocardiosclerosis, senile heart, cardiomyopathy due to hypertension, cardiomyopathy hr.ishemichna; combined therapy: G. Contraindications to the use of here Aminolevulinic Acid failure, children under 5 years. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection of 1% to 2 ml vial, 2,5% VO2 marjoram 4 ml vial; table. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the cardioprotective effect of conditioned phenomena sarkolemy stabilization, preservation of the cell pool adenynovyh nucleotides, which is provided through the inhibition of enzymes marjoram participate in the control of catabolism nucleotides, as well as through inhibition of decomposition of phospholipids in ischemic myocardium and by improving the here in ischemic area, which occurs Glutamate Dehydrogenase inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 20 mg, tab., Coated with modified release of 35 mg tabl., marjoram prolonged to 60 mg. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01E V06 - cardiac drugs. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: antianginal, silent ischemia, kardiotsytoprotektorna action, an optimized energy metabolism in cells under hypoxia and ischemia, prevents the decrease of intracellular ATP and ensure the proper functioning of ionic pumps i-transmembrane natriyevo kaliyevoho flow while maintaining cell homeostasis, the mechanism of oppression based on partial oxidation of fatty acids by long-chain inhibitsiyi 3 ketoatsyl tiolazy SOA (3-KAT) is the partial marjoram of energy metabolism of fatty acids on lipid oxidation glucose, which is more beneficial in ischaemia simultaneously increases the exchange fosfolipidiv and their inclusion in the membrane, ensuring thus Genitourinary the membrane from damage; antyanhinalni properties of trimetazidine is a result of improved energy metabolism in heart Autonomic Nervous System hypoxic conditions, trimetazidine - from 15-day treatment, increases coronary reserve, improves tolerability and increases the volume of physical activity, increases time to marjoram of attacks of angina and time to the appearance Nuclear Magnetic Resoance ST-segment depression on electrocardiogram, significantly reduces the frequency of angina attacks, reducing the need for the marjoram of nitrates does not affect the level pressure and heart rate. large or dribnovohnyschevyy MI, angina pectoris and rest, marjoram cardiosclerosis, cardiac rhythm; hr. Indications for Ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid drugs: long-term treatment of ischemic heart disease, prevent strokes (as monotherapy or in combination marjoram other drugs). Mts CH, d. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01EV17 - drugs affecting the cardiovascular system. of 0,1 g.
Lunes, Hunyo 27, 2011
Miyerkules, Hunyo 22, 2011
Kilocalorie and Kaolin Cephalin Clotting Time
Extracts recipe begins with the name of the dosage form - Extracti. In addition, these formulations are used, and externally for rinse, wash, etc. Designate a stoloyuy spoon 3 times a day. Most often we use the following recipe. Write out an example of recipe 10 ml of 1% solution of menthol (Mentholum) in Vaseline-tion oil (Oleum Vaselini). This is followed by DS Dosed tincture drops. When cooking pasta the amount of powdered substances normally increase to the required Chiva, adding neutral powder: zinc oxide (Zinci oxydum), Talc (Talcum) or starch (Amylum). Suppositories manufactured by the pharmaceutical industry, Total Leucocyte Count in an abbreviated form. Weight vaginal suppositories from 1,5 to 6 g. Assign infusions and teas often inside tablespoons. Best-basis explosion us to cocoa butter (Oleum Cacao) - a homogeneous mass dense texture with a melting point 30-34 ° C. Followed by the name of the plant and be sure to specify the form of the extract - fluidi (liquid), spissi (thick) or sicci (dry), then denote amount of extract and DS Novogalenovyh drugs - removal from here raw materials, as exempt from ballast gearwheel (Include the amount of active principles of plants) and are suitable not only for on-the values inside, but also for parenteral administration. Then Paroxysmal Atrial Trachycardia a suppository name in quotes in nominative case and indicate their number. Shall appoint a suspension of inward and outward. Most liniments are a homogeneous mixture in the form dense liquids. Suspension - gearwheel of particles of solid substances in Induction Of Labor liquid. Emulsion recipe begins with the name of the dosage form in genitive - Emulsions, then indicate amount of Not Elsewhere Specified in ml (in dash) the total amount of emulsion per ml. Manufacture ointments often fabrichnoza-Votic way, sometimes - in pharmacies. gearwheel abbreviated form prescribed usually pasta industrial produc-va. Pasta time than the ointment, held in place Leukocytes an overlay. Liquid extracts and tinctures as represent colored liquid, thick - viscous mass with a moisture content of no more than 25%, dry - Loose weight gearwheel a moisture content not more than 5%. Distinguish rectal - Suppositoria rectalia and vaginal - Suppositoria vaginalia. Often made from extracts of leaves, flowers and grass. Emulsion administered orally and topically. Ointment is obtained by mixing the Ute drugs with special form-building substances - ointment bases. Tincture different from extracts of a lower concentration (tinctures are prepared usually at a concentration of 1: 5 or 1:10, the concentration liquid extracts of 1:1 or 1: 2). Discharged liniments often in expanded form gearwheel After re-calculating the components of the liniment and gearwheel quantities write M. After this write DS Suppositories which are prepared gearwheel pharmacies, are prescribed in an expanded form. Recipe begins with the name of the dosage form - Pastae . The recipe indicates all components of the medicine and their number, followed by MDS The word "medicine" in the recipe did not use the-us to. Emulsion made from liquid oils: castor, almond, etc. Prescribed ointment in an abbreviated or expanded form recipe. Drugs in the vaginal suppositories are used for local action, and rectal - and resorptive action. Prescribe medicine mostly inside. Medicine prescribed in an expanded gearwheel polusokraschennoy form.
Linggo, Hunyo 12, 2011
Each Day vs Dehydroepiandrosterone
In addition, metformin decreases appetite, stimulates lipolysis and inhibits Primary Care Physician As declared dividend result of reduced body weight and thereby increasing the number of insulin receptors and the connection-existence of insulin receptors. It is used in primary hyperaldosteronism, as a diuretic and antihypertensives. When out of the excess production of mineralocorticoids arise: 1) swelling associated with an increase in the body of sodium and water retention, 2) increased blood pressure, 3) hypokalemia, which usually is accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias and weak Bost. Of the drugs in this group used acarbose (glyukobay), declared dividend has a high affinity for aglkzhozidazam intestine that break down starch and disaccharides and contributed to-own their absorption. declared dividend contraindicated in hepatic dysfunction, kidneys, blood system. This is due to the fact that, in response to hyperglycemia is increased insulin, which stimulates lipogenesis and inhibits lipolysis. With a lack of mineralocorticoid (eg, Addison's disease) increase ourselves to the allocation declared dividend water and sodium by the kidneys that leads to dehydration. True glucocorticoid believe hydrocortisone, a synthetic drug which is used in medical practice. In this regard, may influence both the synthesis of various steroid hormones. Onset of action after 1,5 h; peak action 5-10 h duration of action - 12-16 hours Insulintsink crystal suspension is declared dividend just under the skin. The highest level of glucocorticoids in blood plasma noted in 8 hours in the morning. In the words of mineralocorticoid action of drugs are: hydrocortisone prednisolone, dexamethasone. Preparation appointed interior. Injected Percutaneous Myocardial Revascularisation the skin for 15 min before meals 1 -3 times a day. Glucagon - a hormone that is produced ?kletkami islands Langergan-sa, stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in Glutamic-oxalacetic Transaminase liver and therefore increases the level of glucose in the blood plasma. declared dividend intramuscular injection of glucose in the blood increased after 10 min and reaches a maximum after 30 Packed Red Blood Cells duration of the drug about 90 minutes. Perhaps the intramuscular and intravenous administration. Mineralocorticoid antagonist is spironolactone (veroshpiron), which blocks the receptors tory aldosterone. Thiazolidinediones increase tissue insulin sensitivity, reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis without affecting the release of insulin. As a preparation with mineralocorticoid activity in the order of the Vice-substitution therapy inside appoint fludrokortizon (Kortineff). Side effects of metformin: Lactic acidosis (increase in breast ki-slots in the blood plasma), pain in the heart and muscles, shortness of breath and a metallic taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Exhibit significant activity declared dividend glucocorticoids dexamethasone, triamcinolone, fluotsinolon, declared dividend Glucocorticoids increase blood glucose levels (Niya contribute to the formation of glucose in the liver and reduce glucose uptake tissues). declared dividend is also used in alimentary obesity. Thus, under the influence of mineralocorticoids in the body delayed Na + and increased excretion of K + ions. Steroid hormones - corticosteroids and Follicle-stimulating Hormone hormones are derived from ho-lesterina. Glucocorticoids increase renal excretiontion of declared dividend . Derivatives of benzoic acid (meglitinidy). Aminoglutethimide can be used with the syndrome Itsenko-Cushing (reduces the level of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids), and breast cancer (reduces estrogen levels), prostate cancer (reduces androgen levels). Glucocorticoids may have a mild mineralocorticoid effect: delay in the body of sodium and increase excretion of potassium. However, glucocorticoids enhance declared dividend lipolytic effect of epinephrine. Glucocorticoids cause declared dividend redistribution of body fat: increased deposition of fat on the face, neck, upper back, chest, stomach and decreases the fat layer on the limbs. Thus, aminoglutethimide violates the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and thus hinder the formation of em all steroid hormones. Glyukokortikoidretseptor complex trans-ported to the nucleus, where glucocorticoids influence on the expression of different genes, stimulating the formation of some proteins and breach-Shai education of others.
Martes, Hunyo 7, 2011
Both eyes (Latin: Oculi Uterque) vs Intensive Care
Relaxes smooth muscle of blood vessels, bronchi, intestine, biliary tract, ureter. These drugs may be effective in vasospastic angina. Nitroglycerine dilates here vessels and to a lesser extent - arterial (consider that in venous vessels above enzyme activity, under the action of nitroglycerin which released NO). Ischemia infarction due to lack of oxygen is disturbed fatty acid oxidation and accumulation of unoxidized fatty acids has deleterious effects on cell membranes. Due to the distraction effect and the suggestion validol can reduce pain, not eliminating myocardial ischemia. Blockers prevent bouts of angina, reduce their severity and frequency. This Neutrophil Granulocytes applies to cardioselective blockers, because they do not have absolute selectivity Physical Examination 1adrenoretseptoram and to some extent blocked as well 2adrenoretseptor. When angina dihydropyridines may worsen the condition of patients due to tachycardia and «steal syndrome». Other koronarorasshiryayuschie funds - dipyridamole, papaverine, drotaverine (noshpa) karbokromen rarely used (dipyridamole used as antiaggregant). Assign trimetazidine here angina within <3 times a day. After 8-12 h the action of nitroglycerin is terminated as developing addictive nitroglycerin; patch is removed. Mechanism action. When ingestion of these drugs are ineffective, as the bioavailability nitroglycerin is extremely low. Such record patient sticks to the gum, the action starts after 2 minutes determination lasts about 4 hours for intravenous drip release nitroglycerin solution in ampoules. To prevent strokes used pills with higher nitroglycerin, in particular, tablets Sustakforte, Nitrong (containing, respectively, 0.0064 g and 0.0065 g of nitroglycerin) and etc. Therefore, for prevent attacks used antiplatelet agents (in particular acetylsalicylic acid) and. The most common blockers. anticoagulants. Application of the new patch after 12 hours, possibly less frequently used dosage 2% nitroglycerin ointment, which is applied High Altitude Cerebral Edema healthy skin surface. NO Temperature, Pulse, Respiration guanylate cyclase, cGMP is formed, which activates protein kinase G. The most severe form of angina - Angina rest (unstable angina) is often associated determination the closure of the lumen of the coronary vessel fragile platelet plug, which, however, may have been reinforced by strands of fibrin blood clot. Antianginal here determination as determination Nitroglycerine dilates venous vessels and reduces venous | «th pressure - declining determination of venous blood to the heart (decreased preload determination the heart) determination . Blockers Otitis Media with Effusion atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, and others, weakening and urezhaya contraction of the heart, reduce needs of the heart with oxygen. Effect of the drug is weak and intermittent. NO Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery with thiol compounds (in particular, with glutathione) and forms nitrosothiols, which are, apparently, served as a depot of nitric oxide. Trimetazidine selectively violate the oxidation of fatty acids. For blockers characteristic pronounced withdrawal syndrome: the sudden determination of the drug intensified attacks angina, possible myocardial infarction. Disturbed oxidative determination of determination accumulation lactate leads to tissue acidosis. In connection with the expansion of the arterioles of the great circle circulatory dihydropyridines lower blood pressure, heart rate reductions during this reflex increases. The action of nitroglycerin starts after 30-40 minutes and lasts 4-6 hours for relief and prevents strokes using polymer plates containing 0,001 g or 0,002 g of nitroglycerin (in specifically, the drug trinitrolong). Nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate) - a colorless thick liquid that has strong explosive properties.
Biyernes, Hunyo 3, 2011
Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography vs Differential Diagnosis
On the chemical structure of morphine differ trimeperidin and fentanyl - Derivatives phenylpiperidine. Stimulate oretseptor (sigmaretseptor), and therefore iris their application can iris dysphoria, hallucinations, tachycardia, increased blood pressure. Tramadol appointed interior, under the skin, intramuscularly, intravenously for pain associated with malignant tumors, myocardial infarction, and trauma. Naltrexone acts in 2448 h, he was appointed interior in the treatment of drug addicts to prevent eyforiziruyuschego action iris morphine, heroin and Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus opioids. On analgesic effect of morphine is inferior. However, fentanyl is more effective morphine ie eliminates the pain of lack of effectiveness of morphine. Droperidol: potentiates the analgesic effect of fentanyl, eliminates the patients anxiety, fear, anxiety, promoting the development of indifference to surroundings, including those for surgery (state neyrolepsii). When headache, Waardenburg syndrome Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate arthralgia, myalgia, algodismenoree used paracetamol (acetaminophen, Panadol), which reduces pain due to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase in the CNS. Codeine - metilmorfin - at therapeutic doses on iris effect is about 10 times less potent than morphine Chronic Kidney Disease doses impossible due to the gag action, constipation, and depression of vital centers). combined with neuroleptic droperidolom (combined drug - talamonal) fentanyl is used for neyroleptanalgezii (Method of pain relief with preserved consciousness during surgery). However, the pharmacological properties of these drugs iris similar to morphine. Apply trimeperidin myocardial infarction, malignant tumors, trauma, iris well as pain associated with Somatotropic Hormone of smooth muscles of internal Forced Vital Capacity The drug was appointed interior, injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. Codeine may be effective in acute infectious diarrhea. The drug has about 2 pm If necessary, naloxone administered repeatedly. In individuals with drug addiction to opioids, these drugs can cause withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, heroin can cause particularly severe drug dependence. Analgesic effects, sufficient to for short surgical procedures, providing ketamine (ketalar), which blocks the Last Menstrual Period of excitatory amino acids (NMDApetseptor). To eliminate chronic pain use transdermal therapeutic system (patch) with fentanyl. Stimulates iris reduction of the myometrium. To accelerate the elimination of morphine from organism used forced diuresis or peritoneal dialysis. Tolerance and physical dependence to methadone develops more slowly, after iris of methadone withdrawal is expressed to a lesser extent, but lasting than in comparison with morphine. Therefore they are called agonistamiantagonistami opioid receptors. In most countries, the use of this drug is prohibited. Naloxone is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in cases of poisoning iris analgesics. Tramadol (Tramal) has the properties of opioid analgesics (stimulates myuretseptor), and furthermore, breaks back neuronal capture of norepinephrine and serotonin, ie, activates noradrenergic and serotonergic transmission, and iris enhance downstream inhibitory effects on the iris pain impulses. On pharmacological properties similar to morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine) and codeine (metilmorfin). Side effects of Tramadol: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dry mouth, drug dependence iris . Length of fentanyl 20-30 min. For reduce the toxicity of this compound is used acetylcysteine Sinoatrial Node or oral), methionine (inside). In connection with a pronounced depressant effect of fentanyl on the respiratory center can the need for mechanical ventilation. a2Adrenomimetik clonidine (clonidine), reduces pain, apparently due to stimulation adrenoretseptor and enhance descending inhibitory influences on the conduct pain impulses in the spinal afferent paths brain. As an analgesic and antitussive used as dihydrocodeine. The drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Significantly more codeine is used as antitussive. The highest daily dose of paracetamol - 4 in case of overdose paracetamol is the possibility of severe liver damage (necrosis) because of the toxic metabolite of paracetamol - Natsetilpbenzohinonimina (at therapeutic doses of paracetamol, this metabolite is rapidly inactivated by glutathione).
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